Methods and techniques for lung cancer detection, diagnosis, and treatment

Abstract

For a very long time, lung cancer was a major health problem and the leading cause of death worldwide. Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) accounts for 15% of cases and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for 85% of cases. Although many people believe that smoking is the primary cause of lung cancer, there are numerous other contributing factors as well. Nonsmokers have a higher risk of lung cancer from radon than smokers do. Smoke from household fuel, infections caused by bacteria and viruses, as well as inflammatory diseases like asthma and sarcoidosis, are additional risk factors for nonsmokers to develop lung cancer. This review aims to summarize recent studies of SCLC and NSCLC cases in the world and asses the methods used for diagnosis. Further, the most recent risk factors and characteristics of the disease, particularly in nonsmokers, as are novel treatment options, are outlined in this review.