Synthetic biology - a review

Abstract

Synthetic biology, as a multidisciplinary field that includes biology, computer science, and engineering, has the aim to crate/modify current biology systems or other organisms such as enzymes, genetic circuits, and cells. In comparison to the conventional genetic modifications, synthetic biology has an aim to develop functioning devices, systems, and organisms. What makes synthetic biology special is how scientists from different areas share their ideas and collaborate on how to expand their knowledge and innovations. Throughout this review, diverse applications of synthetic biology are explained, including methods used in medicine, specifically in observation of human well-being, to the novel treatment of infectious diseases, diabetes, or the production of vaccines. However, the fast expansion of this discipline gives rise to various benefits, as well as numerous ethical concerns. The benefits of synthetic biology are vast, though it can change many aspects of everybody’s life, while on the other hand, it poses a risk to the environment, the difference between life and non-life, or general alterations to genes.