Design and analysis of a wideband split-ring integrated hybrid fractal-shaped patch antenna for WiFi, WiMAX, WLAN/5G midband applications

Authors

  • Rani Rudrama Kodali Electronics and Communication Engineering, Lakireddy Bali Reddy College of Engineering, India
  • Md. Shoaib Electronics and Communication Engineering, Lakireddy Bali Reddy College of Engineering, India
  • P. Anjali Electronics and Communication Engineering, Lakireddy Bali Reddy College of Engineering, India
  • T. Divya Sri Sivatmika Electronics and Communication Engineering, Lakireddy Bali Reddy College of Engineering, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.37868/dss.v7.id302

Abstract

A split-ring integrated hybrid fractal antenna has been designed with improved bandwidth from 3 GHz to 9.56 GHz and is presented for WiFi/WiMAX/WLAN/5G midband applications. The proposed antenna is planned to deliver an extended bandwidth and is consists of split-ring resonators integrated with a fractal-shaped patch. The Fractal Shape in the antenna provides a compact size due to its self-similarity, space-filling property, and additional split-ring resonators to improve the bandwidth. The antenna, compact in size with dimensions of 31×37mm2 and a thickness of 1.8mm, is constructed upon an FR4 epoxy substrate showing a dielectric constant of 4.4. The proposed antenna performance is presented with the help of reflection coefficient and  VSWR plots, gain, field distribution, and radiation pattern. The comparison of simulated and measured analysis and results showed good agreement, indicating that the design antenna is suitable for WiFi, WiMAX, WLAN, and 5G applications.

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Published

2026-01-12

How to Cite

[1]
R. R. Kodali, M. Shoaib, P. Anjali, and T. D. S. . Sivatmika, “Design and analysis of a wideband split-ring integrated hybrid fractal-shaped patch antenna for WiFi, WiMAX, WLAN/5G midband applications”, Defense and Security Studies, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 1–21, Jan. 2026.

Issue

Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026)

Section

Articles

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Copyright (c) 2026 Rani Rudrama Kodali, Md. Shoaib, P. Anjali, T. Divya Sri Sivatmika

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